Showing posts with label stereo. Show all posts
Showing posts with label stereo. Show all posts

26 April 2012

4K 144fps HDR Scope 3-D cinema now - let me blow your mind and open your eyes

The 4K 60fps 15-stop HDR Scope 3-D digital laser cinema projection that is going to be introduced in and around 2013 is going to blow your mind in terms of image brightness, sharpness, contrast, saturation and image calmness. You will not want to leave the cinema theater ever again once you have seen a presentation using this very high spec digital cinema technology and to be honest, it will be hard to technically go one better on this system once introduced because it present images close to the limit of the human eye and brain's resolving power.  Of course the film you will be watching needs to have been shot and post produced using equally high or higher specifications, which is currently really very hard to accomplish, but not completely impossible.  A key point in cinematographic sense in that high framerates and high resolution do make the imagery on screen look 'more real' exactly because it is closer to human visual resolve - but do you want the images to look more real or more 'cinematic'?  High framerate material quickly looks like video rather than film, so post production does come into play in a serious way to make it look both more real AND more cinematic.  Interested?  Talk to 3-D Revolution Productions about producing in ultimate spec 3-D.


The latest Lord of the Rings film 'The Hobbit' is being shot for 48fps 12bit 4K 3-D presentation, even when very few cinemas will be able to show it in this format by the time of release before the end of 2012.  This is not helped by the fact that the DCI (Digital Cinema Initiative) has not yet released an update to their 1.2 spec detailing frame sizes and bitrates to accommodate the proposed high spec cinema experience.  And well, cinemas worldwide have just or are still taking the step from 25mm to 2K digital projection.  The 2K projectors are not going to get chucked out within one year!  Right now, DCI compliance goes as far as 2K 3-D at 24fps @ 12bit XYZ, 4K 2-D at 24fps @ 12bit XYZ or 2K 2-D at 48fps at 10bit in XYZ color space - all due to a restricting encoding and playback bitrate of 250Mb/s (31MB/s) Compare this to the Red Epic in-camera bitrate of 1.8Gb/s (225 MB/s) - and this is still only limited to 14bit, with Bayering.



It is perhaps no surprise that there is talk of the upcoming availability of 4K 3-D digital cinema servers in combination with laser projection to be coming from RED, employing the Redcode wavelet compression format rather than Jpeg2000 wavelet.  Bitrates will be comparatively low, but decoding needs to be dedicated to facilitate the 12:1 to 18:1 decompression.

The 4K Scope figure here is a true 4K scope, not anamorphic 4K or 4096x1716. Reason to include it is the
Philips 21:9 Scope television with its true scope pixel aspect ratio.
The upcoming projection (and home cinema) systems will be using a very particular set of numbers in its aspects that are logical multiples of 8 - the base number for present day computing.  However, and this is not me losing my mind after endless number crunching but rather a slight detour into the mysteries of history, the numbers employed could easily be seen as an implementation of magical, sacred numerology as found in construction, drawing and writing on Earth for over 12,000 years.  In other words Hermetical, Kaballistic, Sumerian and Druidic numerology.  This is not just a random idea - it actually makes a lot of sense to employ human, Earth and celestial-based geometry in design and technology since the results will be in tune with our inborn expectations of form and look not just pleasant to the eye, but 'in sync', natural and optically correct.

Earth and its divine proportions all into one
Milan Cathedral employing sacred geometry in its plan

Either this, or ancient numerology is based on an 8-bit system - which in itself is an even more mysterious consideration.  Was the Great Pyramid of Giza a power station after all?  Well, let's not get ahead of ourselves here - first things first.


The best place to start are the household numbers of HD's resolution: 1920x1080.  1920 is 3x 640, which is SD NTSC's screen width (640x480 in square pixels), 20x32 and 8x135.  So far nothing out of the ordinary, since 8 is the number of current computing, where 1 byte has 8 bits and multiplications happen by a factor of 8.  To come to a number of 640x480, 1280x720 or 1920x1080 is in that respect not surprising, but one would expect values based on the visual field aspect (and the golden ratio) of 1.618 or 8:5 making 2048x1280 or 1744x1080, rather than the 1.78 that is 16:9 (1920x1080) or 1.85 and 2.39 that are Flat and Scope digital cinema (1998x1080 and 2048x858).  One screen that gets close to this aspect ratio: the Nintendo 3DS.  Is it aspect of 1.66 comfortable on the eye?  Incredibly so!

Portrait screens and their logical relation to vertical saccade sampling of the human face,
besides the introduction of the inverse pyramid to our visual preference from day 1 of seeing
The human stereoscopic visual field in relation to screen size as aspect ratio, screen distance.
Unique research by 3-D Revolution Productions

As is clear, an oval or more of an upside-down triangular-shaped screen (see also the eyes-nose saccade sampling triangle) would be the most comfortable screen shape as this fits closest with the visual field's heart-like-shape (overlaid, a double kidney shape) and this would also be a much more logical choice in terms of getting the most value out of camera lenses, being circular themselves, besides digital camera sensors, which are normally square.  Perhaps a future follow-up after 4K 144fps 15-stop HDR 3-D laser projection has run its course in 2018.  Gotta keep upgrading those projectors and screens!

We are made of Phi

Fibonacci block
Fibonacci sequence showing up in the pattern of a Chamomile
under a divergence angle of 137.51°=2.4 radians, the Golden Angle



The golden ratio of 1.618 (Phi) is one of the human body and it can be used to subdivide the human body to the smallest detail.  The Ancient Greeks were crazy about the number and saw in it a truth of the Universe.  However, later mathematicians came up with - or recycled - much more profound numbers that show up not just in human beings, but everywhere in nature.  Fractal based mathematics, the Fibonacci sequence (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, etc.) and Phi (1.618).  Framing of the Golden Square(s) can happen selectively within a frame of non-1.618 proportions, like the HD and 2K frames.  More often than not thins means a Golden Square leaning against the left or right edge of the frame.

'Eternal Sunshine' works as a movie on many levels and not in the least visually
This particular set of plates also illustrate the protagonist's blending into his surroundings - literally
Tangled: incredible layout in 2D and in 3-D. Utterly brilliant.
With Fibonacci it always sits nicely,
DaVinci shows masterful understanding
of the Golden Squares on the Mona Lisa

All equations and numbers that can be found in nature, timeless building work, art and now digital cinema technology.  Perhaps it is pure coincidence, perhaps the numbers chosen were done so with a numerological purpose.  Leonardo DaVinci, for example, was friends with Luca Pacioli, who rediscovered the sacred geometry and the Golden Square.  No surprise then that DaVinci employed this geometry in his art and design - and this tradition carries on to today.  Regardless of style and a mystical aspect, there is an underlying truth about numbers that work for us and lie at life's basis.  So it is very important to look at these numbers and their relationships to come to a perfect state of the art of film making, in 2D and in 3-D.  At 3-D Revolution Productions I strive to take the medium of 3D film making to the next level and have done so for over 12 years now.  Have I found the Golden Formula of perfect 3-D then?  Yes, and let me tell you what it is.  What 3-D film making is really about is looking at the imagery shot by shot, scene by scene and sequence by sequence.  No two scene depths are alike, focal lengths changes, lighting, actor and prop placement and movement, followed by compositing and editing plans and decisions.  A golden formula takes a 3D film maker to step one, the other 32 steps are the place where science meets art and experience meets challenge.  The formula is hands-on 3-D stereoscopic cinematography and only this way perfection in 3-D cinematography can be attained.

A camera obscura, the principle of the lens

Before looking at magical and sacred numerology and how it may link into digital film and television numbers, the first port of call is realizing the magic of the camera lens itself.  A normal, every day object to you and me, perhaps in our mind an object only worthy of a sideways glance, but actually a device that has propelled mankind from the Middle Ages into the age of Space Exploration and Quantum mechanics.  The lens allows us to see the Macrocosm (telescopes) and the Microcosm (microscopes), draw and record life as it truly is (camera obscura, photo camera, film camera) and of course project those images back onto a screen for limitless reply.  The lens is mankind's great educator and represents the ultimate Hermetic tool for understanding the Universe and to live in balance with that Macro cosmos.  What the lens has done for us is to ultimately show us the origin of our Universe (the Big Bang) and the very particle that makes defines it (Higgs-Boson) - even when the optical lens was a stepping stone to telescopes that operate on non-visual bands of the spectrum and the LHC works with electronic detectors to capture the particles at the moment of their light speed crash.  The lens has shown us the face of God and the number of God, recorded and played back on our television sets and in IMAX 3-D.  Wow.




Allow me a detour dalliance with a personal theory linking lenses to Ancient knowledge.  It all starts with a particular fresco (the one below) in relation to the Orion nebula (and the back of the US Dollar Bill).  Why is this relevant?  Well, there appears to be a connecting line between ancient geometry and measurements and the art and architecture of Renaissance and Baroque artists, followed by a continued use by designers, architects and engineers now calling themselves Masons.  The Dollar Bill is an excellent in-your-face example of the connection between ancient Egypt and the preservation of their knowledge.  And yes, this could possibly continue in digital cinema (the point of this blog entry) just so this digital cinema sits well within an ancient technological tradition.

The Orion Nebula - already known in 1679? .

See above the nave fresco as found in the Church of the Gesu in Rome, Mother church of the Jesuits. Jesuit priest-scientist Athanasius Kircher (died 1680) is considered  the founder of Egyptology, having translated the first hieroglyphs.  Ancient Egyptian knowledge was thus part of Jesuit knowledge.  Kircher was well familiar with the Egyptian obsession with Orion (and its obvious cross shape) and its personification by Osiris ("The Heavenly Shepherd") and his son Horus (the eye at the top of the Pyramid)So where is the link? It all makes sense if you consider the possibility that the Great Pyramid of Giza was actually a telescope - or at least that may have been one of its functions. I refer to the airshafts pointing at various stars and constellations, where electrical engineers have noted the dimensions of the airshafts in the King’s chamber (pointing at the Orion Nebula) are 21.1 cm and 14.3 cm. This indicates knowledge of the design criteria for waveguides of the hydrogen line. The hydrogen line, having a wavelength of 21.1 cm and frequency of 1.43 GHz, is used extensively in radio astronomy and is the only form of electromagnetic radiation capable of passing through our atmosphere and reaching distant systems in our galaxy.  OK, who knows, and what would be the harm of it all if this were actually true?  It would be an amazing realization.

Zacharias Traber, Jesuit scientist, incorporates Kepler, Kircher
and Masonic (Illuminati) traditions in one and the same illustration [1690]
of divine and solar light, reflection, lensing, fire, and divine proportions.
Both this and below drawing include the eye of Horus in a Pyramid as
a beaming source of wisdom and/or God himself.
And the reflection, telescope lenses, camera obscura of divine
light by Kircher himself [1670].  Sacred Authority and Ratio come from
the name of God himself. in triangular shapes.
The most logical explanation is one of Jesuit astronomers and their new access to the telescope.  Traditional history tells of the first telescope having been built in 1608 by a pair of Dutch opticians (nope, it was not stereoscopic, despite how logical that would have been). Refraction of light was already known by Ancient Greeks - so why no enlargement?  In 1668, Isaac Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope. The first discovery of the diffuse nebulous nature of the Orion Nebula is generally credited to Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, in 1610 when he made a record of observing it with a refracting telescope.  The first published observation of the nebula was an account by Jesuit mathematician and astronomer Cysatus of Lucerne in a book about a bright comet in 1618.  It was independently discovered by several prominent astronomers in the following years, including, in 1656, Christiaan Huygens (whose sketch was the first published, in 1659).

In short, the Orion Nebula was well known to the community of scientists and artists and specifically to Jesuit ones.  It is therefore no stretch of the imagination that the fresco in the Church of the Gesu is a representation of the nebula.  But why is it called the name of Jesus?  Does Gaulli simply remind us that the story of Jesus may well have come from the story of Horus, son of Isis ("The mother of the king") and Osiris ("Lord of the Sky")?


On to HD then.  1080p stands for progressive 1920x1080 25 or 30 frames per second television.  The number 1080 appears in ancient Egyptian writing as well as the radius of the Moon in ancient miles, while the number of 8k Cinema - 7920 - is the diameter of the Earth in ancient miles.  That's 4x 1920 or 11x720.  The number 720 we recognize from the 'HD-Ready' 720p, the screen resolution of 72dpi and the non-square PAL resolution of 720x576.  720 and 72 are divisible by 8, no problem, but 72 is also the number of the names of God in Kaballism and Jacob's Ladder (the stairway to heaven) has 72 steps.  72 is 30x2.4 so it really is an important number in the Hermetic tradition.  11 is definitely a very symbolic number - specifically in Masonic and it ancient occult / Hermetic source tradition, where it represents the two pillars of Boaz and Jachin, the Sun and the Moon, Earth and the Cosmos, light and dark, male and female, the gateway to knowledge and the unknown.  11 also comes before 12, the number of the sacred aspect of 1.2 (2.4), which is flanked by 13 on the other side - an unlucky number in Western culture.  So 11 and 13 also form a pair together, flaking the number of the Cosmos.

'As above, so below' and the two pillars




Why 1.2 then?  6 divided by 5, where 6 represents the Macro Universe (the Cosmos) and 5 the Micro Universe (Earth and Man).  'As Above, so Below' Hermetics and Masons say, and this means that what is seen in heaven, 6, must be copied below, 5, to enable harmony and the flow of energy.  5+ 6 is indeed 11: ultimate balance.  The resulting aspect ration of 1.2 and 2.4 are thus used in ancient structures and distances between ancient structures such as the Great Pyramid, Stonehenge, Angkor Wat, St Peter's and the modern Washington Monument (to name just four - 666 and 6660 to 555 is the most often used measure), but also as the aspect ration of Scope cinema.  Not surprisingly, the number 2.4 is also the Golden Angle in radians as defined by the Fibonacci sequence.  Basically, when Ancient man saw this number return again and again in their computations, they called it sacred and magical and you can either argue that once the magical number is found, the diameter and radius of Earth and the Moon can be calculated, or it somehow happened the other way around.  2.39 is close enough to 2.4 - unless I am reaching here.

Melancholia I by Albrecht Durer [1514].  Note the 'magic square' top right,
besides the heavy symbology in the rest of the painting.  Including a bright comet
that may well be the shining light at the top of the Great Pyramid.

Besides being divisible by 8, 2048, 1920 and 640 can also all be divided by 32.  The significance of the number 32 is great, where in Judeo/Christian and Buddhist religions 32 represents the plan, the diagram, of the various forms of creatures modeled by the Creator.  32 is also 4x8, which is considered the sacred formula of the Creator (the Great Architect).  But this is somewhat of an obvious point since 32 is a multiple of 8.

It gets even more interesting when framerate is considered.  From the old 24fps for film to 25fps and 29.97fps for television, there is now a step up to 50 and 60fps and then 96fps and 144fps.  Projection tests have shown that human eyes prefer imagery of 60fps over both lower and higher framerates, but 72fps was not tested as a framerate.  24fps is of course 3x8fps, and it was chosen as a framerate for film because together with a triple shutter it presents 72 images (3x the same image) to the eyes, which is enough to make the brain believe the image stream is seamless.  Presenting true 72fps with no shutter other than betwen actual frames would make for a truly natural film experience.  But for now it's either going to be 60fps (2x29.97fps), 96fps (4x24) or 144fps (6x24 or 2x72).

So there is a link between ancient miles, Earth, Moon and Sun and digital cinema numbers - the number 8 and the ratio of 1.2. Is it all related?  Well maybe so and maybe not - people like Pythagoras, daVinci, Durer, Bohme, Newton, Washington and Kubrick were all very busy putting these numbers in their work and trying to find relationships between them.  The issue is that this kind of linking of numbers and significance creates a closed loop of argument, but if there really is a relationship there it is obviously important to uncover it and share it with the world - even if it is only through beautifully framed, paced, formatted and projected movies. 

People often wonder about mysterious artists 'What did they know and when did they know it?'. Focusing on 3-D knowledge, the question that must be asked is what do 3-D Stereoscopic companies know and when did they learn it by?  Through 3-D Revolution Productions I have known and understood the inner working of the 3-D film frame for over 12 years - and I happily continue to learn.  As Socrates stated: Ultimately, 'I know I do not know' - we can but learn.

The Monolith in 2001: A Space Odyssey - a 2.4 sacred square on its side,
although it is closer to a 2.35:1 CinemaScope screen. Note the two pillars flanking monolith
and the checkered floor.  A hint at Masonic & Hermetic symbolism.
Reach (for) the heavens through cinema, Kubrick is saying here.

In all this one has to be aware of the fact that in the history of cinema and television the size and aspect ratio has not always been equal to sacred numbers or divisible by them.  For instance, from 1895 to 1953 film sizes have included 35mm, 51mm, 55mm, 63mm, 70mm and 75mm, with projected aspects of 1.33:1, 1.37:1, 1.66:1, 1.75:1, 1.85:1, 2.21:1, 2.52:1 and 2.6:1.  So there is definitely a certain current leaning towards sacred numbers over just random ones - even if this is simply because the digital world works in 8's.

Isis on her celestial boat, shining the light of Sirius
The Masonic 'As above, so below', is a concept loved by film production companies and they are eager to show it in their names.  'Orion', being the most obvious, but also 'Universal', 'Lions Gate' (the 'Golden Gate' leading to heaven in Orion), 'Tri Star-Columbia' (Tristar being the sword of Orion, Columbia being Isis at the top of the 13-step pyramid, holding the light of the star Sirius), 'Paramount' being the Mount of Olympus, the realm of the gods and/or the Pyramids of Giza, and 'Dreamworks' showing a fishing boy in a crescent Moon against the Milky Way bringing to mind the high priestess of the Tarot and thus possibly invoking the spirit of Isis ("Moon Shining Over the Sea.")
A boy (or maybe it's a girl) in the Moon, between to piles of stacked clouds,
fishing (for lobster, probably)

Yes, even Disney starts its film logo with a shot of the stars, moving down to their castle.  But wait, looking closer at the castle, a pyramid shape appears effortlessly and the angle of its slopes: yes indeed, the 52 degrees of the Great Pyramid.  Even the size of the famous plastered tip matches perfectly to the geometry in the castle.  So if the Disney Castle is the Great Pyramid of Giza, let's overlay the position and angle of Orion onto the logo in relation to the Great Pyramid at dawn: again a perfect fit - those stars in the Walt Disney Pictures logo are faint, but they certainly match.  The top of the Orion constellation then touches the top of the highest tower, where the flag displaying the Disney family crest is touching the hand of the Father God in a similar way to God touching Adam in the Michelangelo nave fresco of the Sistine chapel. In real world relation to Orion, the position of Sirius falls exactly on the lower right tower. The eye of Horus then adorns the pyramidal roof over the main gate.  Above this, although somewhat hard to make out, the High Priestess that is Isis can be seen sitting on her throne between two pillars, adorning the Sun and Moon on her head, in the tip of the main pyramid shape.  Isis, the mother of the first Pharaoh (God's son), Horus, sits over the entrance of the Golden Gate, below Isis, while Osisris points his Orion's belt (male 'sword', rather) at her.  The result is the entrance to a Heavenly palace where magic happens.  Whee!  The whole thing is then topped off by the obvious element of the location on the river bank, which invokes the ancient position of the river Nile. 

Showing a Pyramid at the front of every movie and television programme produced or distributed by Disney means they really do wish to invoke the power and protection of the gods and the 'As Above, So Below' flipping of the Pyramid to make a Star of David fits tips of spires and Disney lettering as well - mind you, this is a Masonic / Hermetic tradition and here, has little to do with the Star of David (much though this is the same symbol).  It is certain, however, that Disney Pictures is invoking the spirit and power of Osiris, Isis and Horus here for success, protection and instinctive audience approval.  You have to admit: it has certainly worked for Disney so far!  As such I wouldn't say it is an evil or sinister thing to do and I can understand the (historical, religious) reasons why people invoking the power of the stars have to keep the symbology hidden in plain sight. Especially when you are the biggest media company in the world or indeed the first president of the newly formed United States of America, city builder of Rome, Paris or the City of London.

Well hidden Ancient Egyptian symbols and measures in the logo of Walt Disney Pictures. Movie Magic indeed.

The logo of '3-D Revolution Productions' only refers to the Russian Revolution and the 3-D resurgence of 1999 to today and tomorrow.  A nod at the sacred geometry that 3-D can and should be is the new motto of 3-D Revolution Productions: 'Ut Uno Oculo, Duo Aeque': 'As with one eye, so with two'.  Ultimate cinematography in 2-D as well as in 3-D, not despite the 3-D.


3-D Revolution Productions
  • 3D Stereoscopic animation consultancy and stereoscopic animation production services in Bristol, UK.
  • Stereoscopic animation and live-action production assistance for feature film and television series and specials.
  • Specialized in children's media, kids television and film.
  • Mobile, handheld tablet, pad & phone stereoscopic production, consultancy and content porting
  • 2D to 3D conversion for film, television and mobile

Contact us:
Tel. +44 1179 441 449
info [at] the3drevolution.com


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24 February 2012

3-D Oscar fever: Hugo 3D may win, but is the 3-D any good?



Within and outside of the 3-D community there has been an awful lot of talk about Hugo 3D, almost exclusively positive and full of praise for the use of 3-D and in no way questioning or challenging the 3-D cinematography. How healthy is that unquestioning attitude for the furthering and maturing of the 3-D film making medium I wonder?  In order to further any art form one has to remain critical and analyze, moving on to higher standards and better quality.  Hugo 3D is a great movie that employs some beautiful 3-D, but it also employs 3-D that causes eyestrain.  It is very important to identify the problem areas of the movie and get closer to a problem-free or even artistically worthy 3-D cinematography, because it is only at this point that the Academy can say: “Yes, this is 3-D worthy of an OSCAR”, because an OSCAR is for movies that get everything really right, or at least more right than any other film out there right now.

I find it funny to see how it is considered bad karma for 3-D film making as a whole to talk negatively about the problem points in Hugo, just because this movie is 3-D’s best chance of winning more recognition from the Academy at the OSCARS.  Hey, relax, it isn't going to be the last 3-D movie ever made and the 3-D Citizen Kane will happen one day as well (note: Hugo is far from that). Avatar won OSCARs first, but from the angle of technical achievement.  Hugo is deemed to be the proof 3-D can be used creatively, to bebefit the story telling, and to such an extend it is OSCAR-worthy.  Well, one can't tell the Academy what to like, but it is true Hugo is a great step forward for 3-D film making, no doubt there whatsoever.  Irony then that the film is up against a French silent black & white movie: is it all about storytelling after all then?  The irony doesn't just come from being on exact opposite technical scales, but also because Hugo is singing praise to exactly the kind of movie The Artist is. It is said to be careful what you wish for – you just might get it.



Let’s start by looking at the visual element that lies closest to the surface in Hugo 3D: negative parallaxout of screen 3-D elements.  I would like to start this with a quote by Lenny Lipton from a decade earlier, as mentioned in the book  3-D Filmmakers. On sticking things out of the screen at every given opportunity Lenny says: "It’s like asking a musician to always play loud.  You know, 'It’s always gotta be loud!' It’s really crazy."Agreed, constant, active positive parallax is an exhausting thing and will most likely not result in a very appealing 3-D film.  But the constant, relentless negative parallax-bashing of calling any negative parallax ‘gimmicky’ by the likes of James Cameron and colleagues is the opposite side of the scales.  The mantra of negative parallax being bad *regardless* was introduced around 2003 and from this point in time onward 3-D filmmakers and the film going critics have been repeating the sentiment whenever possible.  To me, this is purely why Average Joe is speaking in terms of scenery coming out of the screen as being gimmicky and scenery staying inside the screen as being desirable.  The sentiment becomes very strange when all 3-D film, television program, 3DTV and laptop hardware advertising uses scenery coming out of the screen, at the audience.  The only shots remembered by the 3D cinema-going audience after seeing a 3-D movie are the negative parallax shots.  The 3-D audience even goes so far as to state that a movie ‘didn’t use any 3D’ or ‘didn’t use the 3D very well’ when negative parallax shots are missing or just too small in number.  To me it is clear: people love negative parallax, but they hate to be heard saying something different from their cynical friends.


Unwittingly, the broad positive reaction to Hugo proves the very counter point to the ‘gimmicky’ argument, hidden in plain sight to all those airing it.  You see, people seem to think that most of Hugo takes place behind the stereo window, in positive parallax.  In reality however, throughout the film the convergence point of shots moves forward (further out of the screen), resulting in a large part of the movie taking place in negative parallax. It shows that pulling the audience into a movie by moving the scenery into negative parallax works so well that the audience thinks all of the action is taking place in positive parallax.  To boot, the audience then highly rate the 3-D cinematography as well.  It would appear we as 3-D film makers must now hide negative parallax elements through clever movement of convergence throughout the editing just to pretend any out of screen elements are still inside of the screen.  Well, if it wins an OSCAR that way, I can live with it, but it does add a layer of cinematographic complexity to an already very complex medium.  All the more reason to REALLY prepare the stereoscopic cinematography before storyboarding your film (yes, hire a stereographer!).


It is not the use of negative parallax in itself that is a problem in Hugo 3D.  What jars for me is the use of extreme parallax values resulting in challenging eye gymnastics and even unwatchable 3D shots. In negative parallax this leads to decoupling and in positive parallax (inside the screen) this results in divergence (and decoupling) through the outward rotation of the eyes.  Nobody has the eye muscles to do this, but perhaps Scorsese and his stereographer have eyes that sit very far apart in their heads (a large interocular), or they never watched dailies in a 3D cinema and only on small 3D preview monitors. What I can imagine is possibly an attempt to produce a 3D film that will hurt in the cinema but look good on handheld 3D devices (tablets, mobile phones) without the need to produce two or three masters of the film.  Hmm, it doesn’t make much sense to me if that is truly the case, especially in light of the large production budget. But who knows what really goes on during producers’ lunches eh?

Interesting question: is Sky3D now going to say No to Hugo 3D because of its breach of Sky3D parallax guidelines?  I doubt it.


Even more important that all this use of ‘illegally’ high parallax values is a distinct lack of stereoscopic rhythm in Hugo 3D.  As a movie needs rhythm of editing, rhythm of colour and light and rhythm of dialogue, music and sound, 3D film needs rhythm of volume and depth.  Keeping the same depth budget throughout a film is possible but it is not 3D cinematography – yeah well, unless one is aiming to produce the equivalent of a movie where every shot is exactly 3 seconds long, is always predominantly blue in colour and always brightly lit.  Hugo 3D does increase interaxials for some shots, but the values only really go up, never down.  The stress on the eyes just increases rather than creating a sense of importance.  What a stereoscopic cinematographically intelligent 3D movie does is go flat and go volumetric, go shallow and go deep, move back and move forward, as per a rhythm coupled with story ups and downs, calms and climaxes.  For those film makers who strive to use focal length, colour, sound and editing actively to externalize subjective reality and inter-character relationships, the active use of 3D makes sense.  For a 3D cooking program – probably not.  Especially since these will be shot with fixed-lens 3-D cameras, in the real-world of television budgets and schedules.  But for 200 million Dollar plus 3D movies – can you possibly consider otherwise?!  And mind you, that includes post-conversions of movies shot in 2D, converted to 3D.  The need for cinematographic stereography is exactly the same as on a natively shot 3-D movie.


Dramatic changes in interaxial, point of convergence and other 3D cinematographic elements can result in the audience thinking the 3-D is ‘broken’ or mistakes was made in post-production.  This won’t be the case if the audience doesn’t notice the subtle flow (like the subtle forward movement of convergence) and not if the lowest and highest values never hit extremes like zero parallax, >10% parallax or divergence.  Besides, if everything is always loud, as Lenny Lipton reminds us, it’s really crazy and worse, you won’t notice the important parts.  True impact can only happen when preceding shots are calm – but I am telling you something there you already knew.  Don’t ignore that basic storytelling and film making premise in 3-D either!


Let’s be clear about it: the production of Hugo shows that 3-D film making is already at a point of high level technical quality - even when Avatar already showed this two years earlier, but at twice the production budget.  Still, Hugo was produced for a massive amount of money, which of course buys high technical quality regardless of the level on offer for 'real world' production budgets. So we come to a point where cinematography has to be employed more subtly and with more emotional impact.  In the end, losing the emotional connection with your audience will cost a movie production at the box office, the bottom line.  Disappointing boxoffice figures for Hugo 3D point out that something did go wrong with the cinematography and/or storytelling of the film.  What the production also points out is that producing a 3-D film or TV/tablet specific product now only has a point if it is at least on par with the technical and creative brilliance of Hugo.  The audience at large will be expecting no less.  So any current and future 3-D production will most definitely need to hire a 3-D consultant and/or stereographer / stereoscopic supervisor and not take a chance on its ROI.  And with 3-D, that investment will always be larger – come an OSCAR win or not.


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01 September 2009

A future of 3-D through the eyes of Blue Alien Giants

A future of 3-D through the eyes of Blue Alien Giants

As published in this month's Veritas et Visus magazine


It is being heralded as the 3D movie that will single-handedly save the stereoscopic industry, or, rather, kick-start it into full gear and propel it into the common man’s cinema diary and living room. Avatar.

Avatar 3-D posterAll stereographers talk about it with awe and expectation, while salesmen of 3-D hardware excitedly shout out its name. But what is Avatar? A high-concept science-fiction film of the purest kind. Space marines, alien planets, a war between man in spaceships and helicopters and exoskels with machine guns and a jungle-bound alien race of blue giants.

Some would describe it as effects for effects’ sake, but whatever the case, it doesn't sound like a broad audience movie. By all accounts Avatar should have been a niche market film, appealing to young men and even younger boys. Are our mothers and wives going to want to invest emotional energy into giant blue warmongering aliens? They have spoken in their billions and have said and unequivocal 'Yes'. Sci-fi is mainstream again in 2010, especially when it's in 3-D.

It would appear that the largest part of the cinema-going and movie-buying audience does not need to be convinced that wearing 3-D glasses is not stupid, annoying or even uncomfortable any more. At least not in the cinema. Dissing anaglyph glasses is still not the way forward though, because it is the diss that is remembered, not the difference between dichromatic and polarized image separation. Yes, glasses could be physically more comfortable, but that does not take away the psychological barrier most people experience when faced with the prospect wearing them over their TV dinner.


Honestly, you won't look like Nerd, nor will you go bald when you wear 3-D specs

So how can we remove this inbuilt reluctance and fear? By presenting the doubters and cynics with their favorite content in really well shot 3D and letting the power of word of mouth do its job.

In my opinion the key to a 3-D future lies in the romantic comedy, the costume drama and the psychological thriller. Taking real numbers as found on IMDB, less than 1 in 10 movies produced overall is a science-fiction or fantasy film (6%), 1 in 10 movies is a family film (including animation, 10%) while 5 in 10 movies are a romantic comedy / drama (47%), yet when it comes to 3D movies slated for a 2009 release, 3 out of 10 movies is a science-fiction / horror / action film (33%), almost 4 out of 10 is animation / fantasy / music (35%) and just more than 2 out of 10 is a documentary (24%). The remaining 1 out of 10 movies (9%) is reserved for music specials and naughty movies, while no romantic comedies of drama films are slated for 3D release. How can there possibly be proper penetration of stereo 3D as a mass-audience medium if the main types of cinematic story are not told in 3D? If Sandra Bullock and Meryl Streep don’t look good in 3D, don’t even bother trying to sell the 3D Ready LCD screens.



In terms of broadcast TV, cooking programs and reality shows will have to work with 3D to make financial sense. Again, sales men are focusing all their energy on sports broadcasts and thus targeting boys and men. But what is one football match in a sea of time-filling content such as that of The Apprentice, Strictly Come Dancing, As the World Turns, Oprah Winfrey and Jerry Springer? That is what the reality of a 3D stereoscopic future is all about. We all know a tomato will look fantastic in 3D and that bargain diamond ring on QVC’s home shopping channel will sell very well when it pops off the screen, but what about book reviews and embarrassing celebrity reality filler? I, for one, will not feel enticed to don 3-D glasses to watch animals do the funniest things – in 3-D. But perhaps I just don’t know what I’ll be missing yet...


Oh yeah - LOLcatz in 3-D. It's the future of entertainment!

On the production side of things the only way for a true 3D switch-over to happen is complete standardization and idiot-proofing of recording, playback and delivery hardware. Of course us stereo experts will all be out of a job when everything is standardized and built-in, so we can all enjoy long weekdays in front of the 3D television. Fixed interaxials for studio shoots, fixed minimum distances to the camera, no more convergence control and a pipeline that allows for previewing and editing in the final screen size of choice all the way. No more need for lookup tables and heated discussions over what to do or not do in 3D.



Producers want a straight off-the-shelve stereoscopic camera and pipeline solution and that’s what they will get. We will see a return to cameras with three fixed lens options as standard in the 1950s and 60s. But what is the bulk of 3D films to be produced with such standardized equipment going to look like? Creative 3D control will go out the window. On most productions, that should actually be a blessing though: watch one movie with divergence and vertical parallax and you will agree with this point.

Experience is everything in 3-D shooting and even then, with veteran stereographers at
the helm, eyestrain can creep in. Automatic, real-time vertical parallax detection and correction hardware will remove the strain of having to precisely align a 3-D camera rig before every shot. Miniature cameras and lenses will mean effortless, small and light 3-D rigs that don’t even
look like they contain 2 cameras or lenses. And to top everything off, image capture will happen with inbuilt retinal rivalry correction and will be dual-stream compatible all the way down the pipeline without you even noticing it.


No more heavy camera rigs in the 3-D future

Will you still be excited about 3-D in this future? Well no, because it will be a normal, every-day, run-off-the-mill format – unless we will shoot extraordinary content in it and produce visual stories that have never been seen or experienced before. And although Avatar may be breaking new ground in terms of VFX and live-action integration, it is its story and characters that are going to determine whether we will want to see more science fiction films about giant blue aliens in 3-D.


Blue Aliens are all the rage!


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29 April 2009

3-D LinkedIn Group and Dimension 3 Expo



Update (September 2009):
The Stereoscopic 3-D Professionals Worldwide LinkedIn Group now has over 2,300 members.

The Stereoscopic 3-D Professionals Worldwide LinkedIn Group is growing rapidly on a daily basis and now has over 1,600 members. The 1,500 mark passed so quickly that I didn’t even have time to announce it! Members now include professionals from virtually all key companies in the 3-D Stereoscopic industry and of course most of the key 3-D Stereoscopic independent professionals on the globe as well. Check it out:
http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=51511

This plethora of 3-D professionals translates into very effective discussion forum postings and job postings getting answered by exactly the right people in no time. And the amount of 3-D jobs appears to be growing rapidly, despite the global recession. Through the group it is possible to find real, professional answers to your stereoscopic questions, find 3-D colleagues, meet new business partners and set up meetings at international 3-D events to meet any of the 1,600 members in person.

In that respect I would like to draw your attention to the upcoming Dimension 3 Expo in Paris, France, from 2-4 June 2009. D3E is Europe’s premier, biggest and most dedicated event revolving around 3-D Stereoscopic media production and display and is THE place to meet European stereoscopic 3-D professionals and manufacturers. NAB and IBC may have bits and bobs on 3-D, Dimension 3 Expo is purely dedicated to Stereo 3-D. More practical information on D3E at the website:

www.dimension3-expo.com



As I will be sitting on one of the panels of the Dimension 3 conferences (Wednesday 3 June - 2 pm), D3 is the perfect opportunity to meet me in person as well and I do indeed intend to organize LinkedIn 3-D Group drinks in one of the local bars. This will be a perfect opportunity to put faces to names of the group and talk advanced, ground-breaking and avant-garde 3-D with like-minded 3-D professionals. If you are interested in sponsoring the drinks, please do contact me: info [at] the3drevolution.com


Recognize Alexander Lentjes
at Dimension 3 Expo 2009


Announced attendants to D3E so far:

2AVI, 3D-Filme, 3DLized, 3D Revolution, 3DTV Solutions, 21st century 3D, 3D Entertainment, Alcorn, Alioscopy, AmaK, Apy, Artistic Images, Assimilate, Attitude Studio, Autodesk, BskyB, Beinrelief, Christie, CNC, Color Code, CowProd, Cube, Dassault Systèmes, Herold & Familly, Digimage Cinema, Disney Pictures, Dolby, Doremi Cinema, DPLenticular, Eutelsat, Geopack, Gobelins, Imax, Inition, In-Three, Iridas, Iz3D, Fraunhofer Institute, le Futuroscope, Geneva Film, Geopack, HDCC, Holo Image, Jon Peddie Research, Kolpi, Kuk Film Production, La Geode, La Ficam, L’Ecole Nationale Louis Lumière, Le Pôle, Lightspeed Design, LocaRed, Mercenaries Engineering, Nayade, Next3D, NVIDIA, Nwave, Orange, Panasonic, Passmore Labs, Planar, Polymorph, Principal Large Format, P+S Technik, Quantel, Samsung, Sensio, SMPTE, TeamTo, Tempere University of Technology, Thomson, Trioviz, R2D1, SMPTE, Swiss Rig, Sky High Entertainment, The Foundry, N3DLand, National Geographic, Nwaves, Universal Pictures, Université CRC, UP3D, Volfoni, Wild Bunch, Wow Factor Pictures, Xpand


I hope to see you there!

Alexander Lentjes
3-D Revolution Productions
www.the3drevolution.com

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